A drum bung is a specialized closure device used to seal the openings of drums, which are large cylindrical containers typically used for storing and transporting liquids, powders, or other bulk materials. Drums are commonly made of steel, plastic, or fiber, and they often have one or two openings on the top, known as bung holes. These openings allow for the filling and emptying of the drum's contents. The drum bung itself is a threaded plug that fits securely into the bung hole. It is usually made of materials like metal or plastic, chosen based on the drum's contents and the required level of chemical resistance. The bung is designed to create an airtight and watertight seal, preventing leaks, contamination, and evaporation of the drum's contents. Drum bungs come in various sizes, with the most common being 2 inches and 3/4 inches in diameter. The larger bung is typically used for filling and emptying, while the smaller one can be used for venting or sampling. Some bungs are equipped with additional features, such as pressure-relief valves or tamper-evident seals, to enhance safety and security. To use a drum bung, it is screwed into the bung hole using a bung wrench, a tool specifically designed to fit the bung's shape and size. The wrench ensures a tight fit, minimizing the risk of leaks. When removing the bung, the wrench is used again to unscrew it, allowing access to the drum's contents. In summary, a drum bung is a crucial component for maintaining the integrity of a drum's contents during storage and transport, ensuring safety and compliance with regulations.

1. **Preparation**: Ensure you have the correct capseal size for your drum. Gather necessary tools, such as a capseal crimping tool or a sealing tool. 2. **Safety Measures**: Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves and safety goggles to protect against any potential spills or accidents. 3. **Inspect the Drum**: Check the drum’s bung opening for any damage or debris. Ensure the drum is clean and the bung is properly tightened. 4. **Position the Capseal**: Place the capseal over the drum’s bung opening. Ensure it is centered and sits flat against the drum surface. 5. **Use the Crimping Tool**: Position the crimping tool over the capseal. Ensure it is aligned correctly to avoid uneven sealing. 6. **Apply Pressure**: Squeeze the handles of the crimping tool firmly. This action crimps the edges of the capseal around the bung, securing it in place. 7. **Check the Seal**: Inspect the capseal to ensure it is evenly crimped and securely attached. There should be no gaps or loose edges. 8. **Final Inspection**: Verify that the capseal is intact and properly sealed. This ensures the drum is tamper-evident and leak-proof. 9. **Clean Up**: Store tools and any unused capseals properly. Dispose of any waste materials according to safety guidelines. 10. **Documentation**: If required, document the sealing process for quality control or regulatory compliance. By following these steps, you ensure the drum is securely sealed, preventing contamination and ensuring safe storage and transport.

Drum bungs are typically made from a variety of materials, each chosen based on the specific requirements of the drum's contents and the environment in which the drum will be used. Common materials include: 1. **Steel**: Often used for metal drums, steel bungs provide durability and resistance to impact. They are suitable for containing hazardous or non-hazardous liquids and are often coated to resist corrosion. 2. **Plastic**: High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene are common plastics used for drum bungs. These materials are lightweight, resistant to chemicals, and suitable for use with plastic drums. They are often used for storing chemicals, food products, and pharmaceuticals. 3. **Brass**: Brass bungs are used for their corrosion resistance and are often found in applications where the drum contents are reactive with other metals. They are durable and provide a good seal. 4. **Zinc**: Zinc bungs are used for their corrosion resistance and are often plated onto steel bungs to enhance durability and longevity. 5. **Aluminum**: Lightweight and resistant to corrosion, aluminum bungs are used in applications where weight is a concern and where the drum contents are not reactive with aluminum. 6. **Stainless Steel**: Used for its superior corrosion resistance, stainless steel bungs are ideal for drums containing aggressive chemicals or for use in environments where hygiene is critical, such as in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Each material offers specific advantages, and the choice depends on factors such as the chemical nature of the drum's contents, environmental conditions, regulatory requirements, and cost considerations.

To ensure a drum bung is properly sealed, follow these steps: 1. **Inspect the Bung and Drum**: Check the bung and drum opening for any damage, dirt, or debris. Ensure the threads are clean and undamaged. 2. **Select the Correct Bung**: Use a bung that matches the drum material (plastic or metal) and size. Ensure it has the appropriate gasket material for the contents (e.g., EPDM, Viton). 3. **Position the Gasket**: Ensure the gasket is properly seated in the bung. It should be clean and free from defects. 4. **Align the Bung**: Place the bung into the drum opening, ensuring it is aligned correctly with the threads. 5. **Hand-Tighten**: Begin by hand-tightening the bung to ensure it is threading correctly. This helps prevent cross-threading. 6. **Use a Bung Wrench**: Once hand-tightened, use a bung wrench to further tighten the bung. Apply even pressure and avoid over-tightening, which can damage the threads or gasket. 7. **Check for Leaks**: After sealing, check for leaks by gently tilting the drum or applying a small amount of pressure. Look for any signs of liquid escaping. 8. **Verify Torque Specifications**: If available, follow the manufacturer's torque specifications for tightening to ensure optimal sealing without damage. 9. **Conduct a Pressure Test**: For critical applications, perform a pressure test to ensure the seal integrity under operational conditions. 10. **Regular Inspection**: Periodically inspect the bung and seal, especially if the drum is stored for extended periods or in varying environmental conditions. By following these steps, you can ensure a drum bung is properly sealed, preventing leaks and maintaining the integrity of the drum's contents.

1. **Pin Tumbler Locks**: These are the most common type of drum locks, using a set of pins of varying lengths to prevent the lock from opening without the correct key. 2. **Wafer Tumbler Locks**: Similar to pin tumblers but use flat wafers instead of pins. They are often used in vehicles and furniture. 3. **Disc Tumbler Locks**: Also known as disc detainer locks, these use rotating discs instead of pins or wafers. They are highly resistant to picking. 4. **Lever Tumbler Locks**: These locks use a set of levers that must be lifted to a specific height by the key to unlock. They are commonly used in safes and older buildings. 5. **Tubular Locks**: Featuring a cylindrical keyway, these locks are often used in vending machines and bike locks. They are more resistant to picking than standard pin tumbler locks. 6. **Electronic Drum Locks**: These use electronic mechanisms and can be operated with keypads, cards, or biometric data. They offer advanced security features and are used in high-security applications. 7. **Smart Locks**: A subset of electronic locks, smart locks can be controlled via smartphones or other smart devices, offering convenience and remote access. 8. **Combination Locks**: These locks use a sequence of numbers or symbols to open, eliminating the need for a key. They are often used in lockers and safes. 9. **Cam Locks**: These are simple locks used in cabinets and drawers, where a cam rotates to lock or unlock the mechanism. 10. **Rim Locks**: Mounted on the surface of a door, these locks are often used as secondary security measures. 11. **Mortise Locks**: Installed within the door itself, these locks offer robust security and are commonly used in commercial settings.