A micro switch, also known as a miniature snap-action switch, is a type of electrical switch that is actuated by very little physical force. It is characterized by its small size and the rapidity with which it changes state. The switch is designed to open or close an electrical circuit when a certain amount of force is applied to its actuator, which can be a button, lever, or roller.
The core mechanism of a micro switch involves a spring-loaded lever that snaps between two positions. When the actuator is pressed, it moves the lever, which in turn moves a contact arm. This arm makes or breaks the connection between two electrical contacts, thus opening or closing the circuit. The "snap-action" mechanism ensures that the switch changes state quickly and reliably, minimizing the risk of arcing and wear.
Micro switches are known for their durability and reliability, often rated for millions of cycles. They are commonly used in applications where precise and rapid switching is required, such as in safety devices, appliances, vending machines, and industrial controls. Their design allows them to handle a wide range of electrical loads, from low-voltage signals to higher power applications.
The switch's compact size and ability to operate with minimal force make it ideal for use in confined spaces and in devices where space is at a premium. Additionally, micro switches can be configured in various ways, including normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), or changeover (SPDT) configurations, providing flexibility for different circuit requirements.