Wheel chocks are designed to prevent vehicles from unintentionally moving, and their effectiveness can vary depending on the surface they are used on. While wheel chocks can be used on many surfaces, their performance is optimal on firm, stable, and non-slippery surfaces. 
On hard surfaces like concrete or asphalt, wheel chocks generally provide good traction and stability, effectively preventing vehicle movement. These surfaces allow the chocks to grip well, reducing the risk of slipping.
On softer surfaces such as gravel, dirt, or grass, wheel chocks may not perform as effectively. The chocks can sink into the ground, reducing their ability to hold the vehicle in place. In such cases, using larger chocks or those specifically designed for soft surfaces can improve performance. Some chocks come with features like teeth or spikes to enhance grip on loose or uneven terrain.
On slippery surfaces like ice, snow, or wet conditions, the effectiveness of wheel chocks can be compromised. The lack of friction can cause the chocks to slide, failing to secure the vehicle. In these situations, using chocks with enhanced grip features or additional safety measures, such as sand or salt to increase traction, is advisable.
In summary, while wheel chocks can be used on various surfaces, their effectiveness is contingent on the surface type. For optimal safety, it is crucial to select the appropriate chock design for the specific surface and conditions, ensuring that the vehicle remains securely in place.