Common types of audio-video connections and adapters include:
1. **HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface):** Transmits both audio and video signals digitally. Widely used in TVs, monitors, and gaming consoles.
2. **DisplayPort:** Similar to HDMI, it transmits digital audio and video. Common in computer monitors and graphics cards.
3. **DVI (Digital Visual Interface):** Primarily for video, it comes in DVI-D (digital), DVI-A (analog), and DVI-I (integrated) formats. Used in older monitors and projectors.
4. **VGA (Video Graphics Array):** An analog video connection used for older monitors and projectors. It does not carry audio.
5. **RCA Connectors:** Comprises three cables (red, white, yellow) for composite video and stereo audio. Used in older TVs and VCRs.
6. **Component Video:** Uses three RCA cables (red, green, blue) for high-quality analog video. Audio is separate.
7. **3.5mm Audio Jack:** Standard for headphones and speakers, transmitting analog audio.
8. **Optical (TOSLINK):** Transmits digital audio using light, commonly used in home theater systems.
9. **Coaxial Digital Audio:** Transmits digital audio over coaxial cables, used in home audio systems.
10. **USB (Universal Serial Bus):** Transfers digital audio and video, often used for webcams and external audio interfaces.
11. **Thunderbolt:** Combines PCI Express and DisplayPort, supporting high-speed data transfer and video output, used in Apple devices and high-end PCs.
12. **S-Video (Separate Video):** Transmits analog video, offering better quality than composite video. Audio is separate.
13. **Adapters:** Convert one type of connection to another, such as HDMI to VGA, USB-C to HDMI, or DVI to HDMI, allowing compatibility between different devices.