Radial bristle brushes and wire brushes differ primarily in their construction, material, and applications. 
Radial bristle brushes are typically made with synthetic or natural fibers such as nylon, boar, or horsehair. These brushes are designed for gentle cleaning, polishing, and finishing tasks. They are often used in applications where surface preservation is crucial, such as in woodworking, automotive detailing, and delicate surface cleaning. The bristles are arranged in a radial pattern around a central hub, allowing for even distribution of pressure and consistent contact with the surface being worked on. This design makes them ideal for tasks that require a softer touch and precision.
Wire brushes, on the other hand, are constructed with metal wires, usually made of steel, stainless steel, or brass. These brushes are designed for more aggressive cleaning and surface preparation tasks. They are commonly used for removing rust, paint, and corrosion, as well as for deburring and surface texturing. The wire bristles are also arranged in a radial pattern, but their rigidity and abrasive nature make them suitable for heavy-duty applications where material removal is necessary. Wire brushes can withstand higher temperatures and are more durable in harsh environments compared to bristle brushes.
In summary, the key differences lie in the material and intended use: radial bristle brushes are softer and used for delicate tasks, while wire brushes are more abrasive and suited for heavy-duty cleaning and material removal.