A combination padlock operates using a sequence of numbers or symbols to align internal components, allowing the lock to open. The lock consists of a shackle, a dial, and an internal locking mechanism. Here's how it works:
1. **Dial and Wheel Pack**: The dial on the front of the lock is connected to a spindle that runs through a series of wheels inside the lock. Each wheel corresponds to a number in the combination.
2. **Wheel Notches**: Each wheel has a notch or gate. When the correct combination is dialed, these notches align with a bar or fence inside the lock.
3. **Spindle and Drive Cam**: The spindle is attached to a drive cam, which turns with the dial. The drive cam has a protrusion called a drive pin that engages with the wheels, turning them as the dial is rotated.
4. **Setting the Combination**: To open the lock, the user must rotate the dial to the correct sequence of numbers. This involves turning the dial several times to the right, then left, and finally right again, stopping at the designated numbers. This sequence ensures that each wheel is properly aligned.
5. **Alignment and Opening**: When the correct combination is entered, the notches on all the wheels align with the fence. This alignment allows the fence to drop into the notches, disengaging the locking mechanism.
6. **Releasing the Shackle**: Once the fence is aligned, the shackle can be pulled out, opening the lock. If the combination is incorrect, the notches do not align, and the fence remains blocked, keeping the lock closed.
This mechanism provides security by requiring the correct sequence to unlock, preventing unauthorized access.