A telescoping gauge and a bore gauge are both tools used to measure the internal dimensions of a hole or bore, but they differ in design, operation, and precision.
A telescoping gauge consists of two spring-loaded telescopic arms that expand to touch the sides of the bore. The user compresses the arms, inserts the gauge into the bore, and releases the arms to expand against the bore walls. The gauge is then carefully locked and removed, and the distance between the arms is measured with an external micrometer or caliper. Telescoping gauges are relatively inexpensive and versatile but require skill to use accurately, as the measurement depends on the user's ability to maintain the gauge perpendicular to the bore axis and to feel the correct tension.
A bore gauge, on the other hand, is a more precise instrument specifically designed for measuring the internal diameter of a bore. It typically consists of a handle with a dial indicator or digital readout and a set of interchangeable measuring heads or anvils. The user inserts the bore gauge into the bore, and the anvils expand to fit the bore's diameter. The dial indicator or digital readout provides a direct measurement of the bore size. Bore gauges are generally more accurate and easier to use than telescoping gauges, as they provide a direct reading and are less dependent on user skill. They are, however, more expensive and less versatile, as they are designed for specific measurement ranges.
In summary, telescoping gauges are versatile and cost-effective but require skill for accurate measurements, while bore gauges offer higher precision and ease of use at a higher cost.